T cell engagers in autoimmune diseases

Nature Reviews Immunology (2026)

T cell engagers (TCEs) are antibody-based, bispecific or multi-specific constructs that can reprogramme T cells to eliminate target cells expressing a defined surface antigen. Originally developed for cancer therapy, TCEs are now being investigated for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, with promising initial results. The interest in using TCEs for autoimmune diseases is rapidly growing given their comparable potency with cellular therapies, combined with the advantages of biologics, including ease of manufacturing, off-the-shelf availability, better safety and more convenient delivery. Here we review the history of TCEs, focus on distinct aspects of the mechanism of action of TCEs and explain design principles. We also discuss key challenges for future TCE development in autoimmunity, including enhanced safety, high convenience and complete target cell elimination. Finally, we provide an overview of the preclinical and clinical development landscape and give an outlook on next-generation TCEs that are optimized to treat a wide variety of autoimmune diseases.

Related products

Catalog No.	Product Name	Description	Target
HB996026	Anti-Human CD19 Reference Antibody (Inebilizumab	Inebilizumab (HB996026) is a research-grade recombinant antibody targeting CD19. Produced in mammalian cells with native-like glycosylation. Highlights ●Research Grade — For PK/PD studies, assay development, and ADA research. ●Native Glycosylation — Mammalian expression ensures native-like patterns.	CD19, Differentiation antigen CD19, T-cell surface antigen Leu-12, B-lymphocyte antigen CD19, B-lymphocyte surface antigen B4

Recombinant Proteins

Antibodies

Assay Kits

T cell engagers in autoimmune diseases

Quick access

Contact Us