| Background | Complement component C8 alpha chain (C8A) is a ~65 kDa protein. Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis. The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways. The complement pathways consist in a cascade of proteins that leads to phagocytosis and breakdown of pathogens and signaling that strengthens the adaptive immune system. C8A, together with C8B and C8G, inserts into the target membrane, but does not form pores by itself. During MAC assembly, associates with C5b, C6 and C7 to form the C5b8 intermediate complex that inserts into the target membrane and traverses the bilayer increasing membrane rigidity. 1. Hadders, MA. et al. (2007) Science (New York, N.Y.) 317, 1552-4. PMID: 178724443. Serna, M. et al. (2016) Nature communications 7, 10587. PMID: 268418375. Menny, A. et al. (2018) Nature communications 9, 5316. PMID: 305523286. Steckel, EW. et al. (1980) The Journal of biological chemistry 255, 11997-2005. PMID: 74405819. Steckel, EW. et al. (1983) The Journal of biological chemistry 258, 4318-24. PMID: 6833260 |
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