ELISA, Immunogen, SDS-PAGE, WB, Bioactivity testing in progress
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Nature
Recombinant
Endotoxin level
Please contact with the lab for this information.
Purity
>90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Predicted molecular weight
28.44 kDa
Form
Lyophilized
Storage buffer
Lyophilized from a solution in PBS pH 7.4, 0.02% NLS, 1 mM EDTA, 4% Trehalose, 1% Mannitol.
Please refer to the specific buffer information in the hardcopy of datasheet or the lot-specific COA.
Reconstitution
Reconstitute in sterile water for a stock solution. Adjust the volume of sterile water so that, after reconstitution, the final stock concentration matches the value indicated on the product label or datasheet.
RECONSTITUTION PROTOCOL
1. Allow the product to be reconstituted and the reconstitution diluent to reach room temperature.
2. Tap or briefly centrifuge the product vial before opening to dislodge any lyophilized material that may be dispersed on the wall or cap of the vial.
3. Use the diluent and stock concentration recommended in the product datasheet. If preparing a stock concentration higher than recommended, contact Technical Service.
4. After adding the diluent, re-cap the vial and invert gently by hand or place on a slow rocking platform to allow the reconstitution diluent to coat all the surfaces inside the vial. Note: Do not mix by vortexing or by pipetting the material up and down.
5. Allow the vial to sit at room temperature with gentle agitation for at least 15 minutes before aliquotting or using.
6. Store the reconstituted material in single use aliquots in polypropylene or siliconized tubes. Aliquots of 10 μL or larger are recommended.
Shipping
In general, proteins are provided as lyophilized powder/frozen liquid. They are shipped out with dry ice/blue ice unless customers require otherwise.
Stability and Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Store at 2 to 8°C for frequent use. Store at -20 to -80°C for twelve months from the date of receipt.
Alternate Names
LysoPLD, Extracellular lysophospholipase D, ENPP2, Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2, E-NPP 2, PDNP2, Autotaxin, ATX
Background
Autotaxin (ENPP2) is a ~98 kDa protein. Secreted lysophospholipase D that hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce the signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. Its major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine. Can also act on sphingosylphosphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1-phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP. Involved in several motility-related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth.
1. Aoki, J. et al. (2002) The Journal of biological chemistry 277, 48737-44. PMID: 12354767
2. Clair, T. et al. (2003) Cancer research 63, 5446-53. PMID: 14500380
3. van Meeteren, LA. et al. (2005) The Journal of biological chemistry 280, 21155-61. PMID: 15769751
4. Stein, AJ. et al. (2015) Molecular pharmacology 88, 982-92. PMID: 26371182
5. Bain, G. et al. (2017) The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 360, 1-13. PMID: 27754931
6. Tokumura, A. et al. (2002) The Journal of biological chemistry 277, 39436-42. PMID: 12176993
9. Bolen, AL. et al. (2011) Journal of lipid research 52, 958-70. PMID: 21393252
Note
For research use only.
Images
SDS-PAGE
SDS-PAGE for Recombinant Human ENPP2 Protein, N-His
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