Canine distemper virus (CDV) is an enveloped, non-segmented, negative-sense RNA morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae (~15.7 kb genome), closely related to measles virus (MeV) and rinderpest virus (RPV). CDV causes a highly contagious, often fatal multisystemic disease in dogs and a wide range of carnivores (ferrets, foxes, raccoons, large felids, marine mammals), with clinical manifestations including respiratory disease, gastrointestinal illness, neurological demyelination, and immunosuppression. CDV is also an important model for measles virus pathogenesis and morbillivirus-induced demyelinating disease. The virion encodes six structural proteins: hemagglutinin (H, receptor binding via SLAM/CD150 and nectin-4), fusion protein (F), matrix (M), nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P, plus V and C accessory proteins), and polymerase (L). H protein determines host range and is the primary target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development.
Research Use OnlyNot for diagnostic or therapeutic use.
abinScience offers the most comprehensive CDV reagent portfolio available — covering all six structural proteins plus accessory proteins — including anti-H nanobodies and recombinant antibodies, anti-NP recombinant antibody, recombinant proteins for H, F, N, M, P, and C, and polyclonal detection antibodies. Manufactured by AtaGenix Laboratories (ISO 9001 & ISO 13485). Contact us for CDV genotype-specific reagents and bulk orders.
Hemagglutinin (H) — Receptor Binding & Neutralization Target
H protein binds SLAM/CD150 (immune cells, primary receptor) and nectin-4 (epithelial cells, exit receptor). H determines host range — mutations in H enable cross-species jumps to non-canid carnivores. H is the primary target for neutralizing antibodies and the immunodominant component of CDV vaccines. abinScience provides the deepest anti-CDV H panel available:
• Anti-H nanobodies: SAA2779 nanobody (VK580013) and SAA2749 nanobody (VK580033) — small single-domain antibodies ideal for diagnostic lateral flow and intracellular targeting
• Anti-H recombinant antibodies: SAA2779 IgG format (VK580023) and SAA2749 IgG format (VK580043)
• Recombinant H proteins: C-Strep (VK580011) and N-His (VK580012)
• Anti-H polyclonal antibody (VK580014)
Fusion Protein (F)
F is the class I fusion glycoprotein that mediates membrane fusion triggered by H-receptor engagement. Anti-F antibodies block post-attachment entry. Available: recombinant F0 proteins — C-His (VK648011) and N-His (VK648012); and anti-F polyclonal antibody (VK648014).
Nucleoprotein (N)
N is the most abundant viral protein and the primary target for CDV diagnostic assays (rapid antigen tests, IFA, RT-PCR internal controls). Anti-N antibodies are widely used in veterinary diagnostic IHC for confirming CDV infection in tissue biopsies. Available: recombinant N protein N-His (VK495012), anti-N recombinant antibody SAA0844 (VK495013), and anti-N polyclonal antibody (VK495014).
Matrix (M), Phosphoprotein (P) & C Protein
• Matrix (M): scaffolds virion assembly and connects the ribonucleoprotein to the envelope — protein N-His (VK419012) and anti-M pAb (VK419014)
• Phosphoprotein (P): polymerase cofactor and IFN antagonist platform (V and C proteins are generated from the P gene by RNA editing and alternative ORF) — protein N-GST&C-His (VK517012) and anti-P pAb (VK517014)
• C protein (accessory, IFN antagonist): protein N-His (VK781012), protein N-GST&C-His (VK781022), and anti-C pAb (VK781014)
Which antibodies are best for CDV rapid diagnostic testing?
For antigen-capture lateral flow or rapid ELISA: anti-N antibody SAA0844 (VK495013) as capture and anti-N pAb (VK495014) as detection. For H-based rapid tests: anti-H nanobodies SAA2779 (VK580013) and SAA2749 (VK580033) are ideal for lateral flow due to their small size, high stability, and single-domain format.
Do CDV reagents cross-react with measles virus?
CDV and measles virus (MeV) are closely related morbilliviruses sharing ~50% amino acid identity in H protein. Some anti-N antibodies may cross-react, but anti-H antibodies are generally species-specific due to the high variability of the H receptor-binding head domain. Contact us for cross-reactivity data. For measles-specific reagents, see our Measles page.
Can CDV be used as a model for measles virus research?
Yes. CDV is widely used as a BSL-2 surrogate for measles (BSL-2+ in some jurisdictions). CDV uses the same receptors (SLAM/CD150, nectin-4), causes similar immunosuppression and demyelination, and shares pathogenic mechanisms with MeV. Our complete CDV protein panel (H, F, N, M, P, C) enables comprehensive parallel studies with measles virus research.
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